The three breech presentations:
| In the frank breech, there is flexion of both hips, with extension of both knees, and the presenting part fits snugly into the birth canal. Seeds JW. Malpresentations. In: Gabbe SG, Niebyl JR, Simpson JL, editors. Obstetrics: normal and problem pregnancies. 2nd ed. New York: Churchill Livingstone, 1991:5 3 9 -72. With permission | |
| Note the flexion of the hips and knees in the complete breech presentation. Seeds JW. Malpresentations. In: Gabbe SG, Niebyl JR, Simpson JL, editors. Obstetrics: normal and problem pregnancies. 2nd ed. New York: Churchill Livingstone, 1991:5 3 9 -72. With permission | |
| The incomplete (footling) breech shows some deflexion of the left hip and knee, with the left foot presenting. Seeds JW. Malpresentations. In: Gabbe SG, Niebyl JR, Simpson JL, editors. Obstetrics: normal and problem pregnancies. 2nd ed. New York: Churchill Livingstone, 1991:5 3 9 -72. With permission |