Effects on the fetus of epidurally administered local anaesthetics and opiates:

Placental Transfer Of Drugs (Narcotics and local anaesthetics) Rapid equilibration across placenta (peak leels 15 to 30 mins). Free (non-ionised) fetal drug concentration depends on plasma protein binding and fetal acidosis. Toxic Effects Loss of fetal heart rate variability (lignocaine). Large doses cause central nervous system and cardiovascular depression. Neurobehavioural Assessment Correlates with neonatal peak local anaesthetic plasma leel. Minimal depressant effect with bupivacaine. Hypotonia & decreased motor reflees with 1.5% lignocaine or mepivacaine.