MANAGEMENT OF LOCAL ANESTHETIC TOXICITY

(a) Prevention (pretreatment with benzodiazepines when appropriate; aspirate before injection)

(b) Early recognition (converse with patient)

(c) Prevention of progression (thiopental 50-75mg IV; diazepam 5-10 mg IV)

(d) Airway management (Oxygen; Ventilation; Intubation)

(e) Care of the fetus (Fetal monitoring; Immediate Cesarean section if CPR needed.)